DOUBLING 1

Doubling a stroke adds the unstressed sound of -ter -der -ther ("thee" sound). It is double the length but can be written slightly shallower than a full quarter circle.

Doubling is not used for the unvoiced sound of -ther as in "panther".

(A) CURVED STROKES

Curved strokes are doubled in length for any of the three sounds, and the vowel signs are placed as normal, spread over the length of the stroke. Circle S is spoken last.

Where the doubled stroke is the first stroke, position writing is nominal, as it is difficult to show that accurately, therefore inserting the first vowel sign is helpful:
 

after afternoon fighter father fitter

flutter voter Easter sister shatter shorter
 

order porter sorter border harder fritter

It is possible to show two positions for horizontals:
 

matter/madder meter mutter/mother motor smoother

enter centre/sender natter neater/kneader another
 

neither/nitre* neuter interview but neutral

* Note the I diphthong out of its normal place, in order to be able to join

Circle S is spoken last:
 

fathers voters sisters matters supporters

(B) The doubling sound is spoken after an N Hook, in the same way that the halving sound is spoken after:
 

fine find finder, fun fund funder
 

mine mind/mined minder, remain remained remainder
 

thin thinned thunder, shun shunt/shunned shunter

Circle S is spoken last:
 

finders minders thunders shunters

(C) L stroke

A lone L stroke, without a final hook, is doubled only for -ter. Being an upstroke, it is easier to write a doubled L in position, as you have more control over where a stroke starts than where it ends:
 

latter lighter lighters loiter

letter letters litter alter* altering*

* Vowel sign is joined

L plus -der or -ther sounds uses full strokes:
 

ladder leader louder

older elder leather lather

In other combinations or in derivatives, L can be doubled for

-der and -ther as well, because there is more information in the outline to enable it to be read correctly:

(D) L with N hook:
 

lender lenders slander cylinder

calendar colander islander Highlander

L with other strokes or initial attachments:
 

holder householder leaseholder halter Psalter/salter slaughter
 

slitter/slither slighter/slider solder wilder swelter
 

milder builder bolder/boulder folder

In compound words, L can be doubled for words that would not be doubled if alone, as there is more information in the whole outline:
 

ring-leader step-ladder shoe-leather wash-leather

(E) Doubled curve + -ing

Stroke Ing or Dot Ing is used as normal:
 

fathering flattering shattering lettering altering

entering thundering foundering floundering

ordering frittering motoring metering mutterings

Special outlines

central centralise eccentric

cylindrical federal

A few outlines use doubling for the "-ture" ending, for the sake of gaining convenient outlines:

nature natural signature feature

venture adventure adventurous armature

But note: signatory eccentricity vendor

(F) Distinguishing Outlines

further farther*   * "farther" refers only to physical distance

Essential to insert vowels in these:

evader avoider, invader inviter

Helpful to insert first vowel:

Englander* Netherlander   * Omits the hard G sound

Short Form
 

therefore

This stretches the use of doubling to gain a very convenient outline, although the sound is "-fer" and not "-ther"

Contractions
 

interest* entertainment

* This is not actually contracted, as there is nothing missing, but has stroke T, because a doubled stroke cannot take a final Stee Loop. This form provides easy derivatives.
 

Derivatives/Related: interesting interested entertain entertainer


Phrases:

your letter, their letters, in order, in order that

this letter, this matter*

* Very few phrases use this backwards joining

Omission Phrases

business letter, business man, in order to, further information

SUMMARY

• Doubling adds the sounds of -ter -der -ther, but not the sound in "panther"

• All curves can be doubled

• The vowels are placed as normal, spread out over the length

• A final hook is spoken first, then the doubling sound, then any final S sound: painters

• Position writing is nominal, except for horizontals

• It is easier to show position for doubled upstrokes and horizontals: latter matter

• Lone L is doubled only for -ter: letter

• L with N Hook is doubled for -ter/-der: lender

• L in compound words, doubled for -ther also: washleather

EXTRA VOCABULARY

fatter footer fetter floater flitter

softer swifter aster disaster (disastrous, thunderous)

oyster shutter/shudder shooter interfere interrupt

provider elevator founder inventor knitter

Alexander detonator originator alternator

impersonator fascinator pollinator

oxygenator dissenter international enterprise

remoter exporter importer thither zither

asunder balder kilter moulder Walter

slater legislator loader elderly

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