PHRASING 1

A selection of phrases have been introduced throughout the lessons. This Lesson gives a summary of the methods and more examples.

Apart from just joining outlines, phrases often involve changing the outline to get a better join or faster outline, or omitting one or more sounds, syllables or words.

Omitted parts are shown in red and underlined.

(A) I

"I" can be joined at the beginning:
 

I have, I know, I shall be, I do, I had

I think, I thought, I feel, I saw, I say, I see, I join, I take

Where convenient only the first part of the I diphthong is written:
 

I will, I will be, I will have

I can, I give, I go, I am, I may

I remember, I promise, I propose, I expect, I trust
 

I refer, I gave, I went, I crossed but I spoke

(B) YOU, HE

"You" can be joined:

you are, you may, you will be, you can, do you, which you

will you, let you, for you, if you can, thank you, see you

"You" can be turned on its side to make a better join with the previous stroke. It must remain on the correct side of the stroke
 

to take you, to agree with you, to give you, are you, I know you

The Short Form "you" can take an F/V Hook for "have", but only when it is the right way up, not turned on side:

may you (compare mew), you have, you have been, if you have

will you, will you have, let you have, let you know

(C) "He" uses the stroke at the beginning of a phrase:
 

he is, he is the, he can, he cannot be

he may, he was, he was not, he will

The short vertical sign is only used in the middle or end of phrases:
 

if he, if he would be, that he, that he will

when he can, what he was, why he was, as he was, I think he is, when he is

(D) CIRCLE S
 

as/has the, is the, who is/has the, as far as

it is important, it is impossible, it seems*

* Always insert the vowel

With the following, the vowels given are essential to prevent misreading, especially if it is not clear whether it is an M or MP stroke:

it seems to me, it seems important, it is most important

The final version above is faster to writer as it avoids having to go back to insert the vowel, similarly with the following:

it seems probable, it is most probable, it seems likely, it is most likely

(E) The circle in an outline may change its direction in a phrase, depending on which strokes it comes between, this is the same method as normal outline formation:
 

please inform, please take, please let us know, please make, please accept

it is/has the, it is/has not, it has not been, it has been

it is/has now, it is/has really, it is clear, it is necessary, it is/has also

as/has, as/has the, as/has this, as early as

as long as, as many as, as much as possible
 

with us/his, when is/has, what is/has, would his

when is/has the, what is/has the

take place, took place, takes place, taken place

certainly, it certainly, it can certainly

(F) The Circle can join with an R Hook and N Hook:
 

as per, as promised, as compared with, as compared with the, as compared with last year

Note:

compare to = highlight a similarity e.g.

"He compared us to sheep" = "He said we were like sheep"

compare with = highlight the contrasting features, draw a distinction e.g.

"We compared his figures with her report" = "We contrasted his report with her report to see what was different"

at once, Monday next, February next

If the outline already has a combined Circle+R, then both are shown fully in the phrase:

consider, I consider, will be considered, very considerable

strange, most strange, strong, very strong, I strongly

surprised, I am surprised, balance, balance sheet

(G) The Circle can be used for "us" and "say":

to us, of us, for us, tell us, from us, with us

let us, let us see, help us, depend upon us, inform us please inform us
 

to give us, before us, asking us, making us
 

to say a few words, we can say that, asked to say that

(H) SES CIRCLE

Any two S sounds:

this is/has, this has been, this is being, this is/has never, this is/has done

it is certain, it is/has certainly been, it is satisfactory, it is suggested, it is/has simply

it is said, this section, these sections

there is some, there is something, this city, on this side, on this subject

(I) "As" plus S sound at the beginning (although normally Ses is only used in middle or end):
 

as soon as, as soon as we can, as soon as possible
 

as satisfactory as, as suggested, as has been, as/has certain, as/has certainly

(J) SWAY CIRCLE

Used for "as w-" at the beginning of the phrase:
 

as we have, as we had, as we know, as we may, as we can

as well as, as well as the, as well as possible, as well as can be, as will be seen
 

SUMMARY

• First half only of "I" sign at beginning of a phrase, where convenient: I can

• Rotate "you" as convenient: can you

• Short dash for "he" - middle or end of phrase only: if he will

• Circle S can change direction within phrase: please make

• Circle S used for "us, as, his, say"

• N hook + Stee Loop used for "next": Monday next

• Combined S + R hooked stroke, the hook is shown fully: I will consider, very strong

• Ses Circle used for two consecutive S sounds: as soon as, this section

• Sway Circle used for "as w-": as we know, as well as

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